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This is the list of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Champagne-Ardennes. The modern-day Champagne-Ardenne covers four departments: Aube, Ardennes, Haute-Marne, and Marne. Its rivers, most of which flow west, include the Seine, the Marne, and the Aisne. The Meuse flows north. This region was to see much fighting in the 1914–1918 war and many battles of which arguably the most important were the First Battle of the Marne and the Second Battle of the Marne. The First Battle of the Marne, also known as the ''Miracle of the Marne'', was fought between 5 and 12 September 1914. The battle effectively ended the month-long German offensive that had opened the war and the counterattack of six French field armies and one British army along the Marne River forced the German Imperial Army to abandon its push on Paris and retreat northeast to the Aisne, setting the stage for four years of trench warfare on the Western Front The Second Battle of the Marne or the Battle of Reims, fought from 15 July to 6 August 1918, was the last major German attack of their five phase Spring Offensive, the German attack failing when an Allied counterattack led by French forces and including several hundred tanks overwhelmed the Germans on their right flank, inflicting severe casualties. The German defeat marked the start of the relentless Allied advance which culminated in the Armistice about 100 days later. Thus the Second Battle of the Marne can be considered as the beginning of the end of the Great War whereas the First Battle of the Marne really marked the beginning of what was to be a static war dominated by the trenches rather than the planned war of movement and manoeuvre. Ironically the German attack in 1918 had been intended as a large diversionary attack to draw the Allies' attention away from Flanders as the "Spring Offensive" had not been the success the Germans had hoped for and Erich Ludendorff believed that an attack through Flanders would give Germany a decisive victory over the British Expeditionary Force (BEF), the most experienced Allied force on the Western Front at that time. It was to shield his intentions then and draw Allied troops away from Belgium, that the attack was launched in the Marne area, but, because of the way the battle on the Marne developed, the attack in Flanders was never to happen. ==Battles of the Marne== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of World War I memorials and cemeteries in Champagne-Ardennes」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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